Heath is not a commodity; it is our Right: Role of Government in heath sector in India

Abstract

Health is universally recognized as a cornerstone of human development and social justice. In India, where economic inequality and demographic diversity pose major challenges, healthcare cannot be treated as a tradable commodity available only to those who can afford it. Instead, it must be ensured as a fundamental right of every citizen. The Constitution of India, through its Directive Principles and judicial interpretations of the Right to Life under Article 21, has established the responsibility of the State in guaranteeing access to healthcare. This paper examines the role of the Indian government in safeguarding health as a right, focusing on policy frameworks, public health infrastructure, welfare schemes such as the National Health Mission and Ayushman Bharat, and regulatory mechanisms that shape healthcare delivery. It further highlights persistent challenges like underfunding, inequitable access, and the dominance of the private sector, which hinder the realization of universal health coverage. The study argues that a rights-based approach, backed by stronger public investment and governance, is essential to transform India’s health sector into one that ensures equity, accessibility, and inclusivity.